Admera Health offers comprehensive nucleic acids extraction services. The nucleic acids that are extracted include genomic DNA (gDNA), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), cell-free RNA (cfRNA), exosomal RNA (exoRNA), total RNA, mRNA, rRNA/globin mRNA depleted total RNA and microRNA. The source material can be cells, fresh/ frozen/Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tissues, body fluids (blood, saliva, urine) or stools from various organisms including human, mammals, plants, fungi, bacteria and viruses.

Extractions also include nucleic acids from environment, including soils, swabs from environment (hospitals, buses), and water from oil wells.

Admera Health offers nucleic acid extraction for both small batch samples by manual extraction and for large batch samples by liquid handler and automation systems.

Sample requirements:
Cells: 10⁵-10⁷ cells. It can be as low as 5,000 cells depending on the applications.
Tissues: ~ 100 mg
FFPE: 4x 20 µm scrolls
Blood: 5-10 ml in appropriate preserved tubes
Saliva: 0.5 ml in a preserved tube
Stool:  2g in a preserved tube

Workflows
Manual and Automated
Well documented extraction reports and QC

Human whole genome sequencing allows for detection of variations to discover potential correlations to certain disease risks, and it can also play a role as molecular biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prediction.

Non-human whole genome sequencing allows for discovering genome of animals and plants which can uncover the species origin, development, disease, and much more.

De novo sequencing has proven successful for confirming and expanding upon results from database searches, and providing excellent resources for understanding a species.

Applications

Variant Detection (germline, somatic)
Structural Variants
CNV
De Novo sequencing

Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is aimed to sequence all the protein-coding regions or exons in a genome, collectively known as exome. There are approximately 180,000 exons which represent less than 2% of the human genome. As most of the disease-related variants are found in the exons, WES is thought to be an efficient way to understand the genetic cause of diseases or conditions. Admera Health provides a very cost-effective, high quality WES service.

Applications
Identify coding variants
Discovery of novel disease-causing genetic mutations
rare variant mapping

Naturally-occurring methylation of DNA at the cytosine residues is an important component in many studies including that of epigenetic studies. With this occurrence in mind, converting and studying these sites is referred to as whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). This technology is a genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation sites. WGBS is a comprehensive cytosine modification profiling method which provides insight into topics relating to epigenomic mapping, patterns of epigenetic marks, aberrant methylation characterized by cancers, and much more.

Applications
Coding Variant Detection (germline, somatic)
Mutation discovery
Disease-related variant discovery

Hi-C assay is an extension of chromosome conformation capture (3C) assay studying chromosomal interactions. While 3C and its subsequent adaptations require the choice of a set of target loci, Hi-C employs high-throughput sequencing and can identify genome-wide unbiased long-range interactions. Hi-C results reveal chromosomal interactions such as compartmentations, topologically associating domains (TADs) and chromatin loops.

Applications 
Intra/Interchromosomal interaction
Promoter-Enhancer interaction
DNA folding status

RNA-seq is a powerful tool for analyzing gene expression levels within an individual sample as well as for comparing differential gene expression between multiple samples. RNA-seq can detect the presence of novel isoforms, alternatively spliced transcripts; potential gene fusion events can also be detected through analysis of RNA-seq data. Admera Health offers a complete solution from RNA extraction to bioinformatics analysis.

Applications:
Gene expression profiling between samples
Study of alternative splicing events
Novel discovery of allele-specific expression
Identify gene fusion events

Small RNAs are a type of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that are less than 200nt. They are usually involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through cleavage, degradation, or blocked translation. Small RNA sequencing is part of understanding species like miRNA, siRNA, piRNA, and many more.

Applications
Discover novel miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, biomarkers
Study miRNA and small RNA species
Examine post-transcriptional regulation

While studying transcriptome profiling through RNA-seq, many have reported subpopulations of cells which expressed its genes at various levels despite originating from a single tissue. The rising popularity in single cell sequencing has given insight to the extent of heterogeneity between cells as well as undiscovered regulatory functions of these cells.

Applications
Disease analysis
Research in non-coding RNA
De novo transcriptome assembly

Standard workflow:

• Quality assessment
• Sequence alignment
• Differentiation gene expression analysis
• Gene ontology/KEGG pathway enrichment analysis

Customized downstream analysis:

• N6-methyladenosine-sequencing (m6A-seq) analysis
• Small RNA sequencing (sRNA-Seq) analysis
• Noncoding RNAs, lincRNA analysis
• Gene functional annotation
• Clustering & Classification
• Variant calling
• Gene fusion
• Outlier gene expression detection
• Alternative splicing

Admera Health’s bioinformatics pipeline supports standard analysis from raw data quality assessment to variant annotation and any further customized analysis

Standard workflow:

• Quality assessment
• Sequence alignment
• Variant calling (germline/somatic)

Customized downstream analysis:

• Annotation: Clinvar/HMGD/Annovar/SnpEff/Functional impact/Population Allele Frequency
• Gene fusion
• Copy number variation
• HLA typing
• Clone evolution
• Variant calling
• Cancer/disease risk analysis

Standard workflow:

• Quality assessment
• Reads mapping
• Peak calling
• Differential binding analysis

Customized downstream analysis:

• Annotation: Clinvar/HMGD/Annovar/SnpEff/Functional impact/Population Allele Frequency
• peak annotation
• Copy number variation
• Gene ontology /KEGG pathway enrichment analysis
• Genomic footprint

Admera Health team provides bioinformatics support for scRNA-seq data by using state-of-the-art computational tools.
Standard workflow:

• Quality assessment
• Single sample analysis
• Single cell RNA-seq feature barcoding analysis
• V(D)J analysis

Customized downstream analysis:

• Differential expression
• Statistical analysis (clustering, identification of cluster markers)
• Data visualization

• Quality assessment
  • coverage stats
  • methylation stats

• Reads alignment
• Methylation calling
• Differential methylated regions
• Annotation and visualizations
• Gene Ontology/KEGG pathway analysis

• Experiment design consultation
• Quality assessment
• Sequence assembly
• Taxonomic composition/relative abundance/biodiversity analysis
• Species clustering and classification
• Gene predication and functional annotation
• Gene Ontology and pathway analysis

Real Time PCR allows for the enzymatic amplification and fluorescent labeling of a short, specific region or your template. The results gained from performing RT-qPCR have a variety of applications, including identifying microorganisms, genotyping, detecting SNPs, primer efficiency, precise quantitation measures, etc.

Double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing, or ddRAD-seq, is a technique to be used for SNP discovery and genotyping without a reference genome. The sampling of genome wide enzyme digestion offers an insight on SNP marker development and is feasible because of its cost-effective approach.